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Digital radiography is a form of x-ray imaging, where digital X-ray sensors are used instead of traditional photographic film. Advantages include time efficiency through bypassing chemical processing and the ability to digitally transfer and enhance images. Also less radiation can be used to produce an image of similar contrast to conventional radiography. Digital Radiography is essentially filmless X-ray image capture. The advantages of DR over film include immediate image preview and availability, a wider dynamic range which makes it more forgiving for over- and under-exposure as well as the ability to apply special image processing techniques that enhance overall display of the image.
An X-ray image intensifier-C-Arm, is a highly complex piece of equipment which uses x-rays and produces a ‘live’ image feed which is displayed on a TV screen. The term image intensifier refers to a special component of the machine, which allows low intensity x-rays to be amplified, resulting in a smaller dose to the patient. It allows for lower x-ray doses to be used on patients by magnifying the intensity produced in the output image, enabling the viewer to easily see the structure of the object being imaged. It is used as Mobile Equipment for use in orthopedic theatre.
Fetal monitor- An electronic device used during labor to monitor fetal heart beat and maternal uterine contractions. Continuous cardiotocography (CTG) as a form of electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) for fetal assessment during labour. cardiotocography (CTG) is a technical means of recording the fetal heart beat and the uterine contractions during
pregnancy , typically in the third trimester. The machine used to perform the monitoring is called a cardiotocograph, more commonly known as an electronic fetal monitor or external fetal monitor (EFM). CTG can be used to identify signs of
fetal distress
Laparoscopic surgery, also called minimally invasive surgery (MIS),keyhole surgery is a modern
surgical technique in which operations in the
abdomen are performed through small incisions (usually 0.5-1.5cm) as compared to larger incisions needed in traditional surgical procedures. Keyhole surgery uses images displayed on TV monitors for magnification of the surgical elements. Laparoscopic surgery includes operations within the abdominal or pelvic cavities, whereas keyhole surgery performed on the thoracic or chest cavity is called thoracoscopic surgery. There are a number of advantages to the patient with laparoscopic surgery. These include reduced pain, low infection rates and shorter recovery time.
Arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure in which an examination and sometimes treatment of damage of the interior of a joint is performed using an arthroscope, a type of endoscope that is inserted into the joint through a small incision. Arthroscopic procedures can be performed either to evaluate or to treat many orthopaedic conditions including torn floating cartilage, torn surface cartilage, ACL reconstruction, and trimming damaged cartilage. The advantage of arthroscopy over traditional open surgery is that the joint does not have to be opened up fully. Instead, only two small incisions are made – one for the arthroscope and one for the surgical instruments to be used in the knee cavity to fully remove the knee cap. This reduces recovery time and may increase the rate of surgical success due to less trauma to the connective tissue. There is also less scarring, because of the smaller incisions. The surgical instruments used are smaller than traditional instruments. Surgeons view the joint area on a video monitor, and can diagnose and repair torn joint tissue, such as ligaments and menisci or cartilage.